Rift Valley and West Nile Virus Antibodies in Camels, North Africa

4°75′Ε) during May–June 2010. All larvae were euthanized as part of an invasive species eradication project and stored at –20°C until further use. At necropsy, liver tissues were collected, and DNA was extracted by using the Genomic DNA Mini Kit (BIOLINE, London, UK). PCR to detect ranavirus was performed as described by Mao et al. (10). Three samples showed positive results with this PCR. These samples were sequenced by using primers M4 and M5 described by Mao et al. (10) and blasted in GenBank. A 100% homology with the common midwife toad (A. obstetricans) ranavirus partial major capsid protein gene (GenBank accession no. FM213466.1) was found (5). Despite the low prevalence of Ranavirus infection (0.75%) in the bullfrog tadpoles examined, this study shows that invasive bullfrogs, a known reservoir of chytridiomycosis, are also a likely carrier of ranaviral disease in Europe.